The Philadelphi Corridor, a narrow strip of land along the Gaza-Egypt border, has resurfaced in geopolitical discussions following recent ceasefire terms between Israel and Hamas. These terms include Israel's withdrawal from the corridor, highlighting its strategic importance.
About the Philadelphi Corridor
Historical Context
The corridor was established under the 1979 Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty, marking a key step in the peace process between the two nations.
It has served as a demilitarized buffer zone to maintain security and stability along the border.
Geographic Features
Location: Situated along the Gaza-Egypt border, it spans approximately 14 km in length and 100 meters in width.
Strategic Connectivity: The corridor links the Mediterranean Sea to the Kerem Shalom crossing with Israel, making it a critical border area between the southern Gaza Strip and Egypt's Sinai Peninsula.
Recent Developments
The 2005 Israeli disengagement from Gaza led to the withdrawal of Israeli settlements and troops, transforming the corridor into a demilitarized zone.
It has since played a contentious role in regional conflicts, including the smuggling of arms and goods through underground tunnels.
Strategic and Geopolitical Importance
Border Security
The corridor acts as a security buffer, controlling unauthorized movement and potential infiltration.
Conflict Dynamics
It is often at the center of negotiations, as its control affects regional stability, particularly in the context of Israel-Palestine relations.
Role in Ceasefire Agreements
Recent ceasefire agreements between Israel and Hamas emphasize the withdrawal from this zone, underscoring its role in peace efforts.
Humanitarian Significance
As a critical point for the movement of goods and people, it has implications for the humanitarian situation in Gaza.
Relevance for UPSC Aspirants
Geopolitics: Understanding the Philadelphi Corridor is essential for topics on Middle Eastern politics and international relations.
India's Position: India's commitment to a two-state solution and its relations with both Israel and Palestine add a nuanced dimension.
Map-Based Questions: Its geographical features can be part of map-based questions in the Prelims.
Practice Question
Consider the following statements about the Philadelphi Corridor:
It was established under the 1979 Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty.
It serves as a buffer zone between Gaza and Israel.
The corridor is located along the Gaza-Egypt border and runs from the Mediterranean Sea to the Kerem Shalom crossing.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
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