The World Health Organization (WHO) has introduced new guidelines on the use of Lower-Sodium Salt Substitutes (LSSS) as part of its global initiative to reduce sodium consumption and prevent noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). This move aligns with the growing need to curb excessive salt intake, which is a leading cause of high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) worldwide.
What are Lower-Sodium Salt Substitutes (LSSS)?
LSSS are alternative salts that contain less sodium than regular table salt (sodium chloride - NaCl). These substitutes often include potassium chloride (KCl), which mimics the taste of regular salt while reducing sodium intake. Some variants may also contain other minerals or flavoring agents to enhance taste and texture.
Benefits of LSSS
🔹 Reduces Sodium Intake: WHO recommends limiting sodium intake to less than 2g/day to prevent hypertension and related diseases.
🔹 Lowers Blood Pressure: Studies show that substituting sodium chloride with potassium chloride helps in managing blood pressure.
🔹 Prevents Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs): Excess sodium consumption is linked to stroke, heart failure, and kidney diseases.
🔹 Supports Global Health Goals: WHO aims to reduce salt intake by 30% under its NCD reduction strategy.
Concerns & Potential Risks
🔸 Risk of Hyperkalaemia: LSSS with high potassium levels may be harmful to individuals with kidney diseases or those on certain medications.
🔸 Taste and Acceptance Issues: Some consumers may find potassium chloride-based salts less palatable than traditional salt.
🔸 Regulatory Gaps: There is a need for clear labeling and public awareness about the risks and benefits of LSSS.
Relevance for UPSC & Public Health Policies
India’s Sodium Reduction Efforts: India has a high salt consumption rate, and initiatives like FSSAI’s Eat Right Movement aim to promote healthier food choices.
Policy Interventions: Countries like China have successfully implemented LSSS policies, showing a reduction in hypertension cases.
Balancing Health & Risks: Policymakers must ensure safe consumption guidelines while making LSSS accessible.
UPSC Practice Question
Consider the following statements regarding Lower-Sodium Salt Substitutes (LSSS):
LSSS completely eliminate sodium from the diet.
LSSS often contain potassium chloride to maintain a taste similar to regular salt.
Excessive consumption of LSSS can lead to hyperkalaemia in individuals with kidney disease.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
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